T/SXZYC 005-2023 Seed production technical specification for Codonopsis root

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Main Technical Content: 1. Definition of the Mating System of Codonopsis Pilosula Wang Yanfang et al. studied the mating system of Codonopsis Pilosula from aspects such as pollen-ovule ratio (P/O), outcrossing index (OCI), and seed setting rate. According to Cruden's standard for pollen-ovule ratio, it was determined to be facultative self-fertilization. Based on Dafni's outcrossing index estimation, its sexual mating system was found to be partial self-incompatibility with outcrossing requiring pollinators. Through castration experiments, the natural outcrossing seed setting rate of various Codonopsis Pilosula varieties ranged from 25.6% to 42.4%, while the self-incompatibility seed setting rate measured by bagging was 3.3% to 6.7%. Based on these indicators, it was determined that Codonopsis Pilosula exhibits both self-fertilization and outcrossing characteristics, but tends toward outcrossing. Therefore, to ensure the purity of Codonopsis Pilosula seeds, proper isolation is necessary during seed breeding. 2. Effect of Transplanting Density on Seed Yield of Codonopsis Pilosula Ji Ying et al. studied the effect of transplanting density on seed yield of Codonopsis Pilosula (Table 1). The number of fruits per plant, seed yield, and fruit maturity decreased with increasing density. Under low density, individual growth and development were favorable, with higher numbers of fruits per plant and seed yield. However, due to poor ventilation and lighting conditions affecting individual development, the number of fruits per plant and mature fruits decreased, leading to lower seed yield per unit area under high density. Under low density, although individual development was good, the number of plants per unit area was too low to achieve high seed yield. Therefore, it is recommended to select a transplanting density of 167, 000 plants/ha (20 cm plant spacing and 30 cm row spacing) and 222,000 plants/ha (15 cm plant spacing and 30 cm row spacing) for seedling transpla

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