T/NAASS 030-2022 Active Group standards

T/NAASS 030-2022 Ningxia Standardization Regulations for the Prevention and Treatment of Cow Postpartum Ketosis in Large-scale Dairy Farms

Publish Date: 2022-11-12 Implement Date: 2022-12-16 For services related to genuine standard inquiry, procurement, translation, and other related services in China, please Contact Us

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Basic Information

Standard Code: T/NAASS 030-2022

Standard Type: Group standards

Standard Status: Active

is_force_gb: no

CCS Name: -

ICS Name: Animal husbandry and breeding

Publish Date: 2022-11-12

Implement Date: 2022-12-16

Scope

Scope: This document specifies the terms and definitions, causes, diagnosis, and treatment and prevention techniques for postpartum ketosis in dairy cows on large-scale dairy farms in Ningxia. This document applies to the prevention and control of postpartum ketosis in dairy cows on large-scale dairy farms in Ningxia. Main technical content: 3. Terminology and definitions The following terms and definitions apply to this document. 3.1 Dairy cow ketosis A nutritional metabolic disease caused by carbohydrate and volatile fatty acid metabolism disorders in dairy cows, often occurring during the peripartum period and being more prevalent in high-producing cows. 3.2 Clinical ketosis Ketosis in which the plasma β-hydroxybutyrate concentration exceeds 2.00 mmol/L and clinical symptoms are present is referred to as clinical ketosis. 3.3 Subclinical ketosis Ketosis in which the plasma β-hydroxybutyrate concentration is between 1.20 and 2.00 mmol/L but no obvious clinical symptoms are present is referred to as subclinical ketosis. 3.4 Ketone bodies Intermediate products of fatty acid oxidation metabolism in dairy cows, including β-hydroxybutyric acid (BHBA), acetoacetic acid (ACAC), and acetone. The blood ketone level is evaluated based on the β-hydroxybutyrate concentration in the blood. 4. Causes of ketosis 4.1 Primary ketosis Low energy intake or high protein content in the diet can lead to energy metabolism imbalance and ketosis in lactating cows. During the peak lactation period, the energy intake from the diet cannot meet the needs of lactation, resulting in energy metabolism imbalance and ketosis. Excessive obesity before calving can lead to weakened gluconeogenesis in the liver and increased mobilization of body fat after calving, resulting in ketosis. 4.2 Secondary ketosis Peripartum dairy cows may develop ketosis due to displaced rumen, uteritis, mastitis, ruminal stasis, hypocalcemia, heat stress, and mycotoxin poisoning, which c