T/CI 091-2022 River Basin Precipitation Forecasting Service Platform
T/CI 091-2022 River Basin Precipitation Forecasting Service Platform
Basic Information
Scope
Scope: This standard specifies the overall objectives, general architecture, main functions, core modules, and forecasting models of the watershed precipitation forecasting service platform. This standard applies to the design and development of watershed precipitation forecasting service platforms and can be used as a basis for their design and development. Main technical content: 3.1 Precipitation: The amount of liquid (rain) or solid (snow) precipitation (after melting) that falls from the sky to the ground within a specified period, accumulating on a horizontal surface without evaporation, infiltration, or loss. 3.2 Precipitation grade: A standard for the magnitude of precipitation. 3.3 Near-term precipitation forecasting: A description and prediction of precipitation changes in a specific area within the next 0–2 hours. 3.4 Short-range precipitation forecasting: A preliminary estimate and prediction of precipitation changes in a specific area or location within the next 72 hours. 3.5 Medium-range precipitation forecasting: A preliminary estimate and prediction of weather changes in a specific area more than 72 hours but within 240 hours. 3.6 Forecast lead time: Also known as the forecast horizon, it refers to the length of time covered by the forecast content. The unit is hours (h). 3.7 Atmospheric model: A mathematical model that idealizes and simplifies the actual atmosphere using fluid mechanics and thermodynamics equations, which can be used to study atmospheric evolution and predict future atmospheric states. 3.8 Global climate model: An atmospheric model that can simulate meteorological conditions on a global scale. 3.9 Numerical weather forecasting: A method of predicting future atmospheric motion states and weather phenomena based on large-scale computer simulations of fluid mechanics and thermodynamics equations under certain initial and boundary conditions, given the actual atmospheric conditions. 3.10 Numerical weather foreca