T/CIAPS 0018-2022 Power battery thermal runaway leak detection method and toxicity classification

Scope

Scope: This document specifies the detection methods and toxicity classification of thermal runaway leaks in power batteries. This document applies to power battery systems and thermal runaway leaks from power batteries, and can provide relevant reference for the detection methods and toxicity classification of thermal runaway leaks from other battery systems. Main technical content: This standard consists of a preface, introduction, scope, normative references, terms and definitions, symbols and abbreviations, laboratory requirements, instruments and equipment, detection methods, toxicity classification of thermal runaway leaks, and appendices. The test methods involved in this standard were obtained through ten years of research and multiple experiments by the project team, as well as product verification from multiple enterprises. The relevant technologies in this standard mainly involve thermal runaway triggering technology and leak detection and analysis technology. All leaked substances detected by instruments have been calibrated against internal and external standard substances. Firstly, the hardware conditions for thermal runaway testing were constrained, then the thermal runaway triggering and product detection and analysis methods were detailed, and finally the toxicity classification basis was provided, with the toxicity of battery thermal runaway products classified into extremely toxic, highly toxic, moderately toxic, and low toxicity according to acute toxicity. The main technical content can be summarized into the following three points: (1) Design of thermal runaway experiments for evaluating the hazardous effects of toxic substances in power batteries. It can meet the needs of thermal runaway triggering, leakage, and combustion of toxic gases in power batteries, and collect, analyze, and detect the mixed gases using small dedicated instruments and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The high-definition explosion-proof monitoring system is u

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