T/SRMA 1-2020 The basic requirements for rehabilitation interventions to prevent falls in the elderly

Scope

Main Technical Content: 4. Prevention of Falls: Basic Requirements 4.1 Fall Risk Assessment To improve the efficiency of fall risk assessment for the elderly, it is necessary to first conduct an initial screening of the elderly population to identify those at high risk of falls. After confirming the presence of high fall risk, a multi-factorial risk assessment should be conducted by combining internal and external risk factors. 4.2 Fall Prevention Interventions After identifying specific issues through a multi-factorial risk assessment, targeted fall prevention strategies should be developed and implemented. 4.2.1 Encourage and guide the elderly to participate in activities that enhance balance function, muscle strength, and proprioception. Exercise should include warm-up and stretching exercises. a) Tai Chi; b) Medical gymnastics; c) Aerobic muscle strength/endurance training for the lower limbs; d) Balance function training. 4.2.2 For elderly individuals with cognitive impairment, focus on cognitive function training to reduce the incidence of falls caused by cognitive impairment. Cognitive training can be conducted five times per week for 30 minutes each. 4.2.3 Follow the GB/T 50340-2003 "Design Standards for Residential Buildings for the Elderly" to adapt the home environment. For community environments, follow the AQ/T 9001-2006 "Basic Requirements for the Construction of Safe Communities". Medical institution environments should meet the safety requirements for hospital facilities specified in GB/T 51153-2015. 4.2.4 Pay attention to osteoporosis and osteoporotic fractures in the elderly. For those identified as vitamin D deficient, daily supplementation of 800 IU (20ug) of vitamin D is recommended. 4.2.5 Strengthen the management of medication use in the elderly. Elderly individuals should take medications as prescribed, and those at high risk of falls should reduce the use of psychotropic drugs as directed by a doctor. 4.2.6 Pay

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