GB/Z 134-2026 Surface chemical analysis—Characterization of functional glass substrates for biosensing applications

Scope

This document provides examples of surface chemical analysis methods within the scope of ISO/TC 201 that help characterize the nature of the substrate used in the production of biosensor devices. Successful characterization enables a better understanding of the surface chemical reactions at each step of the production process, which in turn affects the overall performance of the final device (such as microarrays). The preparation steps include the immobilization of connecting molecules for substrate activation and the functional modification of the activated substrate with specific biomolecules required for biosensing (i.e., so-called probes). The silanization of glass slides is a key focus in the study of biosensor glass substrates and is also a critical production step for subsequent immobilization of probe molecules. The immobilized probes are used to detect biorecognition events. Silanization is chosen because it is one of the most popular methods currently used in biosensor production. This document outlines methods, strategies, and guidelines for identifying potential issues related to substrate identification, device production steps (such as cleaning, activation, and chemical modification), and shelf life (e.g., storage conditions and aging). These are particularly relevant for researchers conducting surface chemical analysis of glass-based biosensors and developers or quality managers in the field of biosensor device production. Based on quantitative and qualitative surface chemical analysis, strategies can be developed to identify the causes of poor performance in device manufacturing and implement corrective measures. This document does not discuss specific processing solutions. For more information on these solutions, please refer to professional literature, such as References [1]–[9].

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