T/CHBAS 5-2022 Mechanical cultivation technical specifications for fresh sweet potatoes

Scope

Scope: This document establishes the terminology and definitions, environmental requirements, variety selection, cultivation management, pest and disease prevention, and harvesting for mechanized cultivation of fresh sweet potatoes in Hebei Province. This document is applicable to the mechanized cultivation of fresh sweet potatoes within the Hebei Province region. Main technical content: - Cultivation management: - Preparation before planting: - Leveling and fertilization: Timely deep plowing after harvest, preferably on sunny days with low soil moisture. The plowing depth should be 30 cm to 35 cm, followed by leveling and fine-grinding. Apply 1,000 kg to 2,000 kg of composted farmyard manure or 40 kg of compound fertilizer per mu. Fertilizer application should comply with NY/T 496 standards. - Ridge making: Use a four-wheel tractor with a ridge-making tool to plant in single-row double-row rows, with a ridge spacing of 90 cm to 110 cm and a ridge height of 30 cm to 40 cm. Combine ridge making with fertilization and add granular pesticides for soil treatment. If necessary, install drip irrigation pipes. The ridge should be full and fat, with a north-south orientation preferred. The ridge surface should be smooth and compact, without hard spots. - Planting: - Seedling selection: Seedlings aged 30 to 35 days with a length of 20 to 25 cm, three leaves flush with the top, thick leaves of moderate size, dark green in color, thick stems, short internodes (3 to 4 cm), and flexible stems without disease spots. The fresh weight of 100 seedlings should be more than 0.5 kg. - Planting time: For spring sweet potatoes, plant when the ground temperature at 10 cm depth stabilizes above 10 °C. For summer sweet potatoes, plant after wheat harvest, the earlier the better. - Planting density: Spring sweet potatoes, 3,000 to 3,500 plants per mu; summer sweet potatoes, 3,500 to 4,000 plants per mu. - Planting method: To reduce pests and diseases, use high-cut s

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