T/SXZYC 009-2023 Technical Specifications for the Cultivation of Kushen

Scope

Main technical content: 1. Site selection and field preparation: - Kudzu is a perennial root medicinal plant. The site should have deep soil layers (50cm of topsoil), loose and fertile soil, and good drainage. Red, yellow, brown, or brown loam soil is preferred. - Preferably, the previous crop should be a grass family crop or a tuber crop. After site selection, combine autumn plowing with fertilizer application: Apply 2000–2500kg of composted farmyard manure or 100kg of organic compound fertilizer per mu. Till the soil to a depth of 25–30cm, followed by harrowing and compacting. Early spring plowing and compacting can help with seed germination. 2. Seedling preparation: - Concentrated sulfuric acid soaking: Soak the seeds in 98% sulfuric acid (490ml per kg of Kudzu seeds) for 60 minutes, then rinse and dry before conducting germination tests. - Mechanical seed impacting: Use a seed drill to sow seeds immediately after impacting. - Spring sowing: The long growing period promotes strong seedlings. Sow in late March to early/mid-April to ensure full seedling emergence. - Summer sowing: In case of severe spring drought delaying sowing, postpone to rainy periods for moisture and replanting. - Seeding methods: - Row sowing: Use a mechanical drill with a 40cm row spacing and 3–5cm seeding depth. Sow 1.5–2kg per mu and compact the soil for better germination. - Pit sowing: Dig pits 26–30cm apart at 40cm row spacing, plant 4–6 seeds per pit, and cover with 3–5cm of soil to prevent post-rain compacting. 3. Field management: - Weeding and thinning: Remove thin seedlings when they reach 4–5 compound leaves and 6–8cm in height, leaving 13–15cm between plants. - Weeding and hoeing: When seedlings reach 6–7 compound leaves and 60% have five-leaf compound leaves, hoe to a depth of 10–15cm. Combine with thinning and replanting as needed. - Fertilization: Apply 7–10kg of urea (or diammonium phosphate) per mu afte

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