GB/T 33521.31-2023 Mechanical vibration—Ground-borne noise and vibration arising from rail systems—Part 31:Guideline on field measurements for the evaluation of human exposure in buildings

Scope

This document provides standardized guidelines for on-site measurements of ground-induced structural noise and ground-borne vibration, in order to facilitate comparisons and the continuous development of empirical models in the future. At the same time, in order to ensure the reliability of human exposure evaluations in residential buildings, basic measurement requirements and practical experience are also provided.
There are many reasons for conducting on-site measurements of ground-induced structural noise and ground-borne vibration generated by rail system operations, such as complaint investigations, prediction model validation, diagnosis, and research, as detailed in GB/T 33521.1-2017 Section 7.2. In this document, two evaluation scopes are considered.
a) Scope 1 is the basic measurement of floor vibration and noise in building rooms to evaluate human exposure to ground-borne vibration and ground-induced structural noise. There are two accuracy levels:
1) Basic measurement with minimum accuracy;
2) Measurement with reduced uncertainty, better reproducibility, and greater suitability for prediction.
Ground-induced structural noise focuses on the noise radiated by building components (such as floors, walls, and ceilings) in rooms, so it is best represented by an acoustic quantity and a vibration quantity. Identifying ground-induced structural noise (which may differ from airborne noise) requires simultaneous measurement of both noise and vibration. However, for very low-frequency vibrations (less than 10 Hz to 16 Hz), only vibration measurement is required. Rattling noises may also be caused by vibration, which may come from building components or furniture. This document does not describe the characteristics of this phenomenon, but records the on-site situation when it occurs.
Note: In some cases, Scope 1 involves ground measurements outside buildings (to address the inability to enter indoor spaces for measurement or to compl

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