GB/T 23821-2022 Safety of machinery—Safety distances to prevent hazard zones being reached by upper and lower limbs

Scope

This document specifies the safe distance values for protective structures to prevent upper and lower limbs from accessing dangerous areas of machines in industrial and non-industrial environments, and provides the distance to prevent lower limbs from freely entering dangerous areas (see Appendix B).
This document applies to individuals aged 14 and above (the 5th percentile of a 14-year-old's height is approximately 1,400 mm). It also provides the distance for upper limbs of children aged 3 and above (the 5th percentile of a 3-year-old's height is approximately 900 mm) to reach dangerous areas through openings.
Note 1: Since it is not possible to specify safe distances suitable for all populations, the values provided are intended to cover the 95th percentile of the entire population.
This document does not consider data on preventing children's lower limbs from entering dangerous areas.
These safe distances apply to situations where sufficient risk reduction can be achieved solely through distance. Since the safe distances are based on human body dimensions, even if the requirements of this document are met, some individuals with extreme dimensions may still be able to reach dangerous areas.
Meeting the requirements of this document can prevent access to dangerous areas. However, users of this document should be aware that this does not provide the necessary risk reduction for all hazards (e.g., ionizing radiation, heat sources, noise, dust, etc. related to machine emissions).
The provisions regarding lower limbs in this document only apply to situations where risk assessments fail to anticipate that upper limbs can enter the same dangerous areas.
The safe distances are intended to prevent people from reaching dangerous areas under specific conditions (see 4.1.1).
Note 2: This document does not provide measures to prevent access to dangerous areas by climbing (see 5.18 in GB/T 8196—2018).

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